docker 常用命令
[toc]
常用命令:
其中<>阔起来的参数为必选，[]阔起来为可选
- docker version 查看docker的版本号，包括客户端、服务端、依赖的Go等
- docker info 查看系统(docker)层面信息，包括管理的images, containers数等
- docker search
在docker index中搜索image
- docker pull
从docker registry server 中下拉image
- docker push
- docker push
- docker inspect
- docker images TODO filter out the intermediate image layers (intermediate image layers 是什么)
- docker images -a 列出所有的images
- docker ps 默认显示正在运行中的container
- docker ps -l 显示最后一次创建的container，包括未运行的
- docker ps -a 显示所有的container，包括未运行的
- docker logs
查看container的日志，也就是执行命令的一些输出 - docker rm
删除一个或多个container - docker rm
docker ps -a -q删除所有的container - docker ps -a -q | xargs docker rm 同上, 删除所有的container
- docker rmi
删除一个或多个image - docker start/stop/restart
开启/停止/重启container - docker start -i
启动一个container并进入交互模式 - docker attach
attach一个运行中的container - docker run
使用image创建container并执行相应命令，然后停止 - docker run -i -t
/bin/bash 使用image创建container并进入交互模式, login shell是/bin/bash
- docker run -i -t -p
- docker commit
[repo:tag] 将一个container固化为一个新的image，后面的repo:tag可选 - docker build
寻找path路径下名为的Dockerfile的配置文件，使用此配置生成新的image - docker build -t repo[:tag] 同上，可以指定repo和可选的tag
- docker build - <
使用指定的dockerfile配置文件，docker以stdin方式获取内容，使用此配置生成新的image - docker port
查看本地哪个端口映射到container的指定端口，其实用docker ps 也可以看到
docker search 查找images
[root@localhost ~]# docker search centos
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
centos The official build of CentOS. 2793 [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.8 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.2.1511 x8... 44 [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh-apache-php CentOS-6 6.8 x86_64 - Apache / PHP / PHP M... 22 [OK]
nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif... 18 [OK]
consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC sessi... 14 [OK]
gluster/gluster-centos Official GlusterFS Image [ CentOS7 + Glus... 12 [OK]
million12/centos-supervisor Base CentOS-7 with supervisord launcher, h... 12 [OK]
torusware/speedus-centos Always updated official CentOS docker imag... 8 [OK]
nathonfowlie/centos-jre Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta... 4 [OK]
centos/mariadb55-centos7 3 [OK]
harisekhon/centos-java Java on CentOS (OpenJDK, tags jre/jdk7-8) 2 [OK]
blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]
timhughes/centos Centos with systemd installed and running 1 [OK]
darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 1 [OK]
harisekhon/centos-scala Scala + CentOS (OpenJDK tags 2.10-jre7 - 2... 1 [OK]
sgfinans/docker-centos CentOS with a running sshd and Docker 1 [OK]
ustclug/centos USTC centos 0 [OK]
januswel/centos yum update-ed CentOS image 0 [OK]
repositoryjp/centos Docker Image for CentOS. 0 [OK]
kz8s/centos Official CentOS plus epel-release 0 [OK]
grossws/centos CentOS 6 and 7 base images with gosu and l... 0 [OK]
dmglab/centos CentOS with some extras - This is for the ... 0 [OK]
aguamala/centos CentOS base image 0 [OK]
vcatechnology/centos A CentOS Image which is updated daily 0 [OK]
grayzone/centos auto build for centos. 0 [OK]
docker pull 拉去镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull centos
latest: Pulling from centos
af0819ed1fac: Downloading [=====================================> ] 53.51 MB/70.48 MB
05fe84bf6d3f: Download complete
97cad5e16cb6: Download complete
docker run 创建container
[root@localhost ~]# docker run --help
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Run a command in a new container
-a, --attach=[] Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--add-host=[] Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
--blkio-weight=0 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000
-c, --cpu-shares=0 CPU shares (relative weight)
--cap-add=[] Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop=[] Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent= Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cidfile= Write the container ID to the file
--cpu-period=0 Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period
--cpu-quota=0 Limit the CPU CFS quota
--cpuset-cpus= CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
--cpuset-mems= MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach=false Run container in background and print container ID
--device=[] Add a host device to the container
--dns=[] Set custom DNS servers
--dns-search=[] Set custom DNS search domains
-e, --env=[] Set environment variables
--entrypoint= Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
--env-file=[] Read in a file of environment variables
--expose=[] Expose a port or a range of ports
-h, --hostname= Container host name
--help=false Print usage
-i, --interactive=false Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ipc= IPC namespace to use
-l, --label=[] Set meta data on a container
--label-file=[] Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link=[] Add link to another container
--log-driver= Logging driver for container
--log-opt=[] Log driver options
--lxc-conf=[] Add custom lxc options
-m, --memory= Memory limit
--mac-address= Container MAC address (e.g. 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
--memory-swap= Total memory (memory + swap), '-1' to disable swap
--name= Assign a name to the container
--net=bridge Set the Network mode for the container
--oom-kill-disable=false Disable OOM Killer
-P, --publish-all=false Publish all exposed ports to random ports
-p, --publish=[] Publish a container's port(s) to the host
--pid= PID namespace to use
--privileged=false Give extended privileges to this container
--read-only=false Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart=no Restart policy to apply when a container exits
--rm=false Automatically remove the container when it exits
--security-opt=[] Security Options
--sig-proxy=true Proxy received signals to the process
-t, --tty=false Allocate a pseudo-TTY
-u, --user= Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>])
--ulimit=[] Ulimit options
--uts= UTS namespace to use
-v, --volume=[] Bind mount a volume
--volumes-from=[] Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir= Working directory inside the container
docker images 查看 images
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
mytomcat 1.0 9bd4bfe35735 24 hours ago 1.807 GB
centos 7.2.1511 bcdaf234d72f 9 weeks ago 194.6 MB
使用image创建container
[root@localhost ~]# docker images --help
Usage: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY]
List images
-a, --all=false Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
--digests=false Show digests
-f, --filter=[] Filter output based on conditions provided
--help=false Print usage
--no-trunc=false Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet=false Only show numeric IDs
[root@localhost www]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
mytomcat 1.0 9bd4bfe35735 21 hours ago 1.807 GB
centos 7.2.1511 bcdaf234d72f 9 weeks ago 194.6 MB
[root@localhost www]# docker run -i -t bcdaf234d72f /bin/bash
[root@1abd83b5a7df /]# cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.32-642.6.1.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Wed Oct 5 00:36:12 UTC 2016
使用repository创建container
TAG默认为lastest，也可以指定
[root@localhost www]# docker run -i -t centos:7.2.1511
[root@15ff2d0f9591 /]# uanme -a
Linux 15ff2d0f9591 2.6.32-642.6.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Oct 5 00:36:12 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
docker ps 查看docker container
[root@localhost ~]# docker start --help
Usage: docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Start one or more stopped containers
-a, --attach=false Attach STDOUT/STDERR and forward signals
--help=false Print usage
-i, --interactive=false Attach container's STDIN
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps --help
Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
-a, --all=false Show all containers (default shows just running)
--before= Show only container created before Id or Name
-f, --filter=[] Filter output based on conditions provided
--help=false Print usage
-l, --latest=false Show the latest created container, include non-running
-n=-1 Show n last created containers, include non-running
--no-trunc=false Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet=false Only display numeric IDs
-s, --size=false Display total file sizes
--since= Show created since Id or Name, include non-running
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
1abd83b5a7df bcdaf234d72f "/bin/bash" 14 seconds ago Exited (0) 5 seconds ago clever_elion
c61c5e58b5c7 mytomcat:1.0 "/root/run.sh" 23 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp mytomcat_1
b7994eebec11 bcdaf234d72f "/bin/bash" 2 weeks ago Exited (130) 24 hours ago cocky_cori
docker commit 固化container为images
[root@localhost ~]# docker commit -a "Neo xu <[email protected]>" 1abd83b5a7df centos:test
65d08d79745e8ffe3a6fe8026cc17aa766f6cb6d9ec43ed66ee5b0be387205ee
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
centos test 65d08d79745e About a minute ago 194.6 MB
mytomcat 1.0 9bd4bfe35735 24 hours ago 1.807 GB
centos 7.2.1511 bcdaf234d72f 9 weeks ago 194.6 MB
docker start 启动容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker start 1abd83b5a7df
1abd83b5a7df
docker attach 交互式进入容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker attach 1abd83b5a7df
[root@1abd83b5a7df /]#
docker rm 删除容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker rm 1abd83b5a7df
1abd83b5a7df
docker rmi 删除镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker rmi 65d08d79745e
Untagged: centos:test
Deleted: 65d08d79745e8ffe3a6fe8026cc17aa766f6cb6d9ec43ed66ee5b0be387205ee